Out Of The Silent Planet Essay example -- C.S. Lewis

Out of the Silent PlanetBy C.S. LewisC.S. Lewis produced a book that conveys vivid scenery, relatable characters, and a vague but detailed spell that gave rise to a novel with wonderful clarity. Out of the Silent Planet is an account of the voyage of Ransom, a linguist, who is kidnapped and taken to anformer(a) major planet, Malacandra (Mars). Where he learns that Thulcandra (Earth) is called the silent planet because there has been no communication from it in years. On the voyage there he is led to believe he will be sacrificed. Instead, the creatures that inhabit the other world reveal extraordinary secrets about the nature of man and the universe to him. Ransom is ultimately sent back to Thulcandra with the two earthlings who had kidnapped him.The book is told in much(prenominal) a way that trie...

Washington :: essays research papers

ASHINGTON, Jan. 6 The Pentagon is pushing for a substantial increase, in the range of $20 billion or more, for its 2003 budget, confident that the war on terrorist act has strengthened Congressional and public support for rebuilding the armed services, fourth-year military officials say.Even as Congress is projecting a budget famine next year, the Pentagon is arguing that it will need significantly more m atomic number 53y to cover rising health care costs, stockpile precision-guided munitions and accelerate an array of big-ticket(prenominal) programs, including fighter jets and warships."There is a real necessity to do something we didnt really address in the last budget, which is ramp up procurement," said Under depository of Defense Dov S. Zakheim, the Pentagon comptroller. "Its got to go up."Secretary of Defense Donald H. Rumsfeld has also vowed to use the budget for the 2003 fiscal year, which begins Oct. 1, to advance programs he has said will "transfo rm" the military, including missile defense, unpiloted aircraft and hi-tech battlefield communications equipment.Mr. Rumsfeld is expected to argue, for instance, that the armed services must stockpile laser- and satellite- guided weapons for future conflicts. Those munitions, which cost from $20,000 to $1 million each, exceeded expectations in Afghanistan, where they were used so extensively that the Navy arsenal came close to running dry, officials say.The secretary will also call for developing munitions that can penetrate caves and hardened, deeply buried bunkers one area where military officials say American bombs were not always effective in Afghanistan. North Korea and Iraq are thought to have built many much(prenominal) bunkers for command centers and storage sites for biological and chemical weapons.Officials say Mr. Rumsfeld will also push for accelerating a program to convert Trident submarines, which are now armed with nuclear- canted missiles, so they can instead carry precision-guided cruise missiles with conventional warheads.Dr. Zakheim said the Pentagon budget was still being negotiated with the White House and declined to provide figures. But senior military and Congressional officials have said the increase will be nearly $20 billion over the current $329 billion Pentagon budget, or about 6 percent, after adjusting for inflation.A $20 billion increase in the Pentagon budget would be less than the $33 billion increase approved by Congress last year, the largest since the Reagan era. But the new request comes in an economic downturn, when other federal agencies are being told to trim spending to balance declining task revenues.

Essay --

A History of Computers by Paul Little The idea of a machine that would make human beingss calculations easier, faster, and to a greater extent accurate is no new notion. The Abacus, Napiers rods, the Calculating Clock, and the Stepped Reckoner are a few examples of early computer ideas In the much recent history of the computer, we can see how computers have morphed changed from clunky, million-dollar machines into the compact and convenient devices which can held on the tip of ones finger. John von Neumanns name is close to well-known among the potential founders of the first computer (and also known for work in quantum mechanics) but who the credit belongs to can be debated. Von Neumann wrote a account explaining the Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator (ENIAC) but the ENIAC was developed by J. Preper Eckert and John Mauchly of the Moore School of the University of Pennsylvania in the mid-1940s. The credit for this invention is shady because Mauchly reportedly visited John Atanasoff before building the ENIAC. Atanasoff built the Atanasoff/Berry Computer in the early 1940s at Iowa State University. But, von Neumanns name is the closely well-known and thus settles the issue The model von Neumann came up with for the basic computer structure is still today, with modifications for speed and size, his computer is still the foundation for many another(prenominal) computers. Part of the the reason his work was seen in high standards was hs reports on his work. The Academic Press Dictionary states that von Neumanns report was so we... ...Whether you agree or not, the NSAs new 1.7 billion facility being built to inject internet users data and phone call and is the largest facility ever built to do so, can be viewed as a new treat to people personal data and piracy. Believed once finished ith the ability to hold not entirely the most but some of if not the biggest super computers in the world. It is said the facility once up and running get out be able to store data at the rate of 20 terabytes per minute, many times over. The ability to do so is in its self amazing and the other technology that will be used there I am sure will be just as mind boggling. But most are more concerned with the negative potential (and rightfully so) over the technical scale of the project, but ever the less this will probably be the start of the following(a) (out of many past and future) computer generation.

The Life And Times Of James Joyce :: essays research papers

Life and Times of James JoyceJames Joyce was an Irish novelist and poet, whose psychological views opened up a intact New World to twentieth century writers. He is still known as one of the most influential writers not only in Ireland, unless all throughout Ireland. Joyce was born in Dublin on February 2, 1882, into the care of his dumbfound and father, both poverty-stricken. He att stop only Jesuit-run schools, kickoff the boarding school, Clongowes, so the day school, Belvedere, and finally the Royal University, which was better known as the University College (Litz 8). While he attended Belvedere he enjoyed penning essays, and won several awards for his phenomenal test scores. Even as a young man, Joyce was destined to be well known and famous for the rest of his life. But by the end of his university old age he had rejected Catholicism in favor of literature (Litz 8). His love for writing just had to come first before anything else.After his years in the university he beg an experimenting with prostitutes and alcohol, and spent large amounts of money, which he claimed was to study medicine, but instead wasted it on sick pleasures in Paris. He returned shortly from Paris when his mother was diagnosed with cancer. (Litz 15). After his mother died, family life became even tougher for Joyce, he began to drink heavily. He made a little money reviewing books, teaching school, and singing.In February of 1904 he started writing a long fiction autobiography called Stephen Hero, which he could never find the time to finish or even begin again (Litz 8). In June 1904 he met Nora Barnacle, a chambermaid whose down-to-earth attitude welcomed him more so than any of the girls he met at the university did. They ran off to Europe together in October 1904. James and Nora ended up in Trieste and Pola, Austria, where they spoke Italian, and were desperately poor, so poverty-stricken that his brother, brother Stanislaus ended up paying a lot of their bills (Litz 8). In 1 909 and 1912, James visited Ireland, first trying to arrange publication of Dubliners. Between 1914 and 1920, Joyces fortunes gradually improved as his writing gained attention and the wealthier readers began to turn their heads in his direction. But his big break which is an chaff is when the banning of Ulysses (published 1922) occurred, and turned Joyce into a household name (Chace 25).

symbolaw Symbols and Symbolism - Clothing as a Symbol in The Awakening

Use of Clothing as a Symbol in The Awakening In the novel, The Awakening, Kate Chopin takes Edna Pontellier on a journey of self-discovery. In doing this, she uses umteen symbols to show the relationship between Edna and the world. Clothing, or rather, the lack thereof, displays this relationship well. As Edna progresses through and throughout the novel, she discards to a greater extent and more layers of the confining enclothe that surrounds her body and soul. By winning off her clothing, one piece at a time, she disobeys the rules that nightclub has set for her, and in doing this, she exerts her independence. In this summer voyage, Edna becomes a free woman. In the Victorian society that Edna lives in, the proper attire for women requires them to wear very confining clothing. This clothing symbolizes the constraints on the social behavior of women in this age. It restricts Ednas body and impedes her freedom to move. At the beginning of the novel, to the full croped Edna w ears all the proper clothing. However, when Edna and Adele walk together to the beach, Edna wears considerably less clothing than that of her companion. Adele wears a veil, gloves, and ruffles to protect her body. Edna wears a thinner, simple dress and removes her collar and unbuttons her dress at the throat once at the beach. She chooses not to cover herself as harshly as Adele. Adele portrays the picture of a perfect Victorian woman through her manner of dress. Ednas decision to free herself more than Adele symbolizes her growing rejection of Victorian society rules. Edna becomes distraught when she discovers her friend, Robert, is leaving. She goes home and sheds her clothes for a more comfortable wrap. She casts off more layers of conventio... ...bsp As a final profession of her freedom, Edna discards her last layer of clothing until she stands naked on the beach. She swims out into the ocean and drowns there. Her final act of independence infallible her to end her life. She shed the final constriction on her life when she stripped herself alone on the beach. She frees herself from social conventionalism and at last opens herself up to do something totally for her own reasons and rules. Throughout the novel, as Edna sheds herself of the clothing and possessions that surround her, she becomes more liberated, free, her own woman. The clothing represents the society that confines her and the independence that stripping the clothing gives her enlightens her soul. Kate Chopin uses clothing as a way of conveying the social injustice imposed upon women in the Victorian age in which they were trapped.

Why Algebra? :: essays research papers

Why Do We Teach Algebra?     Until recent history, mathematics had not been taught to the general population. Only those who were rich, powerful, and/or politically connected were given the opportunity to field of battle math beyond basic counting operations. Many of my junior high students are excited about the prospects of returning to this situation. I have the opportunity to educate remedial math and math study skills courses for a local university. Many of the college students with whom I am involved are going back to school by and by many years in the work force. Most of them experience a high degree of math anxiety because they have forgotten much of the algebra they intimate in school. Theyve forgotten it because they dont use algebra in their daily lives. In fact, many college students are quite successful in their various programs of study and yet trial to pass their general algebra requirements. And almost eachone breaks into a cold sweat at the mere mention of the words "story fusss". Given the high anxiety take associated with the subject and the fact that so much of what we learn in algebra is not used by the general population, why is it so important that we teach it? Be honest When was the last time you needed to factor a polynomial or to find the asymptotes in a rational expression. Unless you must use these ideas in your work, your answer is probably "huh?"     Dont get me wrong, I think there are compelling reasons to teach algebra to the general population. The first reason, of course, is utility. We use much of the algebra weve learned every day. For example, the ordering properties of our real number system are the basis for almost all of our comparisons--deciding which cereal is cheaper, alphabetizing lists, etc, etc, etc. Negative numbers are useful in balancing our checkbooks--bummer Of course, we add, subtract, multiply, and divide practically every day. I could go on and on. Most of the problem solving we do has a mathematical basis. Even "he loves me, he loves me not" is a simple mathematical progression--i.e.1, -1, 1, -1,...     Another reason we should learn algebra is to enhance our pattern recognition skills. Pattern recognition is an important problem solving skill. If I can make a problem match a similar previously solved pattern, then the current problem is solved. This is a powerful tool. So powerful, in fact, that a mathematicians work is more involved with determining whether a solution exists than actually finding the solution.

Behaviour Awareness Essay

Self c erstpt is created by two main c erstwhilepts, ego protrude and egotism take to be. How you see your egotism, your personality and how others see you are totally part of a persons self concept. The more positive a person views themselves, the greater the chance of that individual reaching their full potential and existence qualified to maintain a positive attitude. Self image existence how you see yourself and your appearance. It does non recrudesce to necessarily reflect that of reality, person suffering from anorexia for example who is visibly thin may, put one across a self image in which the person believes they are fat. (1)The development within children and their self concept is quite significant. Young children depart exactly possess a limited self concept of few descriptions which are usually physical. Older Children develops to a series of f certain categories, these being things such(prenominal) as, hair colour, eye colour and height. In the adolesce nce period the self concept begins to expand further. Incorporating mevery likes and dislikes along with beliefs and may include details regarding others. in one case self concept is in an adult stage it includes personalities and details of the quality of their life.If a person sees themselves as being a success it is likely that their self esteem will be high. With a positive self belief and a positive self image comes a positive self concept. According to Seligmons pedal of failure, if a child was attempting a certain activity and failed they could develop a negative concept of their abilities perhaps reinforced by others. With the negative builds a first base self esteem leading the child not to try at the activity which in turn would lead to them failing once again.The cycle could also work in a positive way, If an individual performed an certain action and was rewarded for it they would repeat that action. For children to be able to develop need to stand a role, a sense of worthiness. This could be as simple as tidying their bedroom or toys away. To have a positive self esteem children should also be praised and rewarded for good behaviour, and on the same principle have criticism and discipline for any bad actions. The boldness study of Emily illustrates aspects of her development and self concept, it is stated that, she was an unsettled a baby and spent the first three months of her life crying.At this stage in a childs development the baby would have little concern over self image or self esteem and is in that respectfore crying for comfort, safety, crawl in, in pain or just hungry. ascribable to the unhappiness of Emily it is unlikely that she was receiving the sufficient care or attention she needed. As Emily grows older her role is diminished even more, being unholy for the collapse of the family and the walk of life out of her father. The lack of belonging will damage Emilys ability to find her identity, causing her a low self esteem.Thi s only encouraged as she grows older, being neglected and left in her playpen. With the lack of interaction Emily is unable to make any form of attachments and develop any social skills. She is constantly being compared to her brothers in a unfair fashion yet again breaking down her self esteem and therefore her self concept. The sense of rejection from the family is renewed later on on when the father collects her brothers to go and play football. With the antecedenting, she is a girl and girls do not play football Not only presenting a sexist attitude, Emily is once again denied any form of acceptance.This denial of acceptance could influence her gender concept and develop the thought that she, and women in general are the weaker sex when compared to the priapic race. When Emily starts school, she does not mix with the other children. She instead isolates herself, a lack of confidence and social skills instantly signal a low self confidence and self image. This is most likely t o be a result to her previous life experiences, she has not been encouraged to interact with others and therefore not know how to.As the case study explains in regard to Emilys social interactions, Her brothers have little time for her and that her flummox, was too depressed to care for her. A lack of interactions may have given her a low self concept, the feeling that she was not suitable of positive attention. This lack of communication would have had a profound impact on Emilys own attitude hence the lack of interacting with others once she begins school. If not improved Emilys isolation could lead on to more serious problems such as depression in Adolescents and later life.Her perspective on socialising will impact her in a very negative way once she moves into her teenage years, it is during this period that affinitys shift and close attachments are formed with friends. However, if she is unable to mix with others, unable to fit in the pressure could become too a great deal . She could retrovert victim to bullies without the protection of friends or display what is often described as, off the rails behaviour. Drinking, smoking taking drugs and self harming to numb her disappointment with herself as she compares herself to others created a low self image and therefore low self concept.Teenage depression is a major issue often dismissed as unrestrained teenage behaviour, in actual fact it is said that, one in seven children develop depression with, More than 70 percent of these not being diagnosed and treated (2) An individuals self concept has both primary and secondary influences. Primary influences can be those of most significance to a person. Examples such as, friends and family who have a profound impact due to the closeness of the relationship. A persons upbringing, how an individual is treated whilst growing up.The perspective on life and the moral philosophy of an individual all depend upon the atmosphere they have learned from. If a child fo r example had little attention or care from the parents, they may be badly behaved to get that attention even if it is in a negative form. Life experiences all depend on the depth of the example, if it was as simple as starting school it may not have such a dramatic impact when compared to a more serious situation like being moved due to a case of domestic violence.In the case of Emily her primary influences all possess negative elements, her family appear to disregard her displaying little love and affection towards her. The upbringing that she amazes seems very hands off, her mother is suffering from a form of depression so therefore does not grant Emily much positive attention. Her brothers are fed lies from their mother who tells them that Emily, is the reason why their father left. and as for her absent father figure, he comes by and takes her brothers out leaving her behind. indirect influences include, the influence of the media, certain situations such as arguments and rol e models. In regard to the case study of Emily, only negative influences are represented. With exception of the teacher who is the only one who appears to show any concern for her. From being a baby, Emily has had no close relationships. Her father left, and for this her mother and brothers both set the blame onto her. The upbringing she has genuine is simply that of neglect and disappointment. With all this rejection Emily must have an extremely low self esteem and sees herself as a failure.She has many life experiences, being blamed for them has affected her confidence and may be partly responsible for her self isolation. As for role models, Emily must be in envy of her brothers and the praise they receive so she may see them as her ideal self. The situation that Emily must be in is awful, she is aware that her family feel as though she is to blame and avenge her for the break up of the family however, Emily has little concept on why others are treating her this way and so belie ves it must be her actual self developing her low self concept.As humans we all make comparisons. Comparing beliefs, styles, personalities ect. Children are less intrigued by style and dress size, instead many tend to nidus on possessions. A friend having a certain new toy however, parents sometimes curse they children after they question the appearance of someone with a visible(a) disability. It is just the curious nature of a child as they develop. Michael Argyle stated that self concept was made up of four factors, one of these being the comparisons we make.One website states, If the populate we compare ourselves with (our reference group) appear to be more successful, happier, richer, better looking than ourselves we tend to develop a negative self image BUT if they are less successful than us our image will be positive. (1) This statement is relatable to most individuals as based on others we create our self image, am I as pretty as them? Am I more successful? These are qu estions that many ask daily and based on their personal answers the self image may change as a result. Comparisons can be negative but at the same time positive.By comparing yourself to someone in a negative way will only damage your self confidence and therefore, self concept. Emily is regularly compared to her brothers by her mother and also by her father in the form of neglect. This resulting in comparing herself to her brothers, her possible ideal self. It is because of this that any comparisons she makes will be negative towards herself. Once she begins attending school, it would be expected that she also makes comparisons between her parents and everybody elses. Presumably enhancing the lack of love she receives from her mother and distant father.Many people have role models, someone they can look up and aspire to. They may also compare themselves to this person, their ideal self. As a child heroes tend to be a false character rather than an actual person although some may fa vour their parents or close family. By having a superhero as a role model, children pauperization to act in the same way as them. Claiming that sense of power and authority they appear to possess. The mind of a child should be full of vision and the ability to make believe. With this the self esteem and self image of a child can be fulfilled.As people grow older and develop more the heros they once looked up to seem outdated and childish. Role models at this stage tend to develop into real inspiration people. individual whos actions have had an impact and influenced an individual. . A persons self concept can have a very dramatic effect upon relationships. Some of the negative do of having a bad self concept may include, lack of confidence, little interaction, isolating yourself, a low self esteem and a low self confidence. All of these reactions having a deep impact on the way we form and present friendships and relationships.If someone has a low self concept for one reason or another, they could become distant and withdrawn. This affecting others who are close to the person. If this was to occur with children they would not have the knowledge to understand that there might be a problem and dismiss it and maybe find new friends, rejecting the withdrawn one. As people grow older and become wiser it would become more apparent that there was a problem. Hope to the full in this situation any friends would address to problem and support their friend.Depending on past experiences it may be difficult for some people to make or maintain friendships or relationships. A lack of trust or social skills would make it hard for an individual to express themselves and be themselves. In the case of Emily when she starts school, she makes no effort to make friends or socialise. From past experience she has had no real friends to be able to base future friendships on. The only actual relationships ships she has go throughed are those of her mother and brother, which is fil led with hatred and guilt.Bearing this in mind, in future Emily will always be conscious that she might cause the relationship to fail, and therefore never just be herself. On the other hand, due to her experience of abuse, neglect and negative attention it is possible that these qualities are those of what she will encounter in future relationships as to her this may be viewed as the norm. Michael Argyle was a theorist. He said that self concept is developed and affected by four main things. These being, the comparisons we make, our reactions to others, the roles that we play and the identification with role models.Comparisons we make we are constantly comparing ourselves to others, this occurs most during the adolescence stage when individuals are attempting to find who they are and look at others for inspiration. Comparing almost everything in either a negative or positive way. The reactions towards others how people interact, confidence or lack of social skills. If a person is h appy and has a high self concept it would be more likely they would interact more. The roles that we play does a person have any value or a role in life? It is important for an individual to have a role in life, to make them feel worthy like they have a purpose.Our identification with role models means someone that an individual can aspire to and follow giving them some reason in life, an ideal self. Erik Erickson was a German theorist who set about a speculation which suggests humans experience eight stages. At each of these we are face up with a crisis, a life experience. They are presented as opposites for example, trust Vs mistrust. It is said that we learn both positive and negative parts from each stage, which we never fully resolve. Instead take them and live by them in the next stage.For a healthy development throughout life the positive experiences must outweigh the negatives. His theory can be viewed as a lifelong description of ego. Either loosing or gaining the strengt h of ego as a result of each stages developmental experiences. All of this creating and shaping a persons personality, who they are. The development of his theory being influenced by both biology and genetics. The sequencing of events due to genetics and when each stage occurs as a result of biology. The theory which consists of both social and mental development, was also influenced by interactions with the environment.

Wuthering Heights by Emily Bronte

Wuthering Heights by Emily Bronte is a strange and powerful book of family loss, love, vengeance, and good versus evil. According to Janet James, Wuthering Heights, in essence, is a battle of nature versus nurture (James 2). As this determinate begins, the evil scoundrel in the bookHeathcliffappear to be hobby the path of the openhearted attack aircraft. His true timberistics, however, slowly unravelshowing his tenacity for evil against umpteen of the tones in this multi-generational novel. The affects that Heathcliff has on Catherine and many other family members in Wuthering Heights create our damage character.Yet, Heathcliff is the fuel that drives every other character as they act and react to Heathcliff and his evil ways. In Wuthering Heights Mr. Earnshaw brings home an orphan named Heathcliff that he quickly adopts into the family. This likely noble gesture of family love for an individual without a real family or home opens the floodgates of sport. The Earnshaw fami ly winds up initiating a fight that spreads over several generations. According to Hubbard, Nelly doyen is a servant who was raised in Wuthering Heights. Nelly tells the history of Heathcliff and, thus, narrates much of the story. Hubbard 1) Heathcliff is raised in the family. He eventually falls in love with Catherine, cardinal of the Earnshaw children, a pseudo-step-sister to Heathcliff. Mr. Earnshaw eventually dies and the family members attempt to ruin Heathcliffs life due to years of bitter resentment. Yet, the courtship between Heathcliff and Catherine continues to unfold as the warring within this impatient saga develops. A key turning point occurs when Catherine dies during childbirth. Heathcliff reacts to years of vengeance, vows his own revenge on the very family that he has grown up in.Heathcliff, then, attempts to gain control of the family legacy. As we look at our central character, Heathcliff, his initiation into the family has him cast as a protagonist. However, a s the fate of good versus evil begins to gather thematic weight, we find a shift in Heathcliff. In fact, the shift is so shimmertic that Heathcliff becomes the storys antagonist. The entire structure of Wuthering Heights revolves around Heathcliff. As in many classics, love is an overriding subplot that wreathes together the multi-generational conflict that evolves.Love, in the end, seems to be the demise of the evil characters. Heathcliff and many of his surrogate family members are unable(p) to share their love for wiz a nonher. Its a case of honor for the bloodline of the Earnshaws that creates the war. Graphic bloodletting results as many charactersHeathcliff, our supposed protagonist includedsink to killing as the only means to alleviate the family drama. Characters choose to use lies and deceit to meet their unbridled need for passion, lust, and selfish gain.Wuthering Heights, although its main protagonist is an orphaned child, cradles its main character into a large famil y with a special purpose. This adoption creates animosity between step-siblings and spouses. Estrangement and bitter revenge is a subplot linking this graphic and upsetting intense novel. As the battles between individuals progress in the novel, the undercurrents of physical and genial painsometimes horrific paincreate intense situations as characters constantly juggle with a decision Is the difference of opinion for a worthy cause? Heathcliff, in Wuthering Heights, winds up becoming love and hated.He is, in effect, the hero and villain of this grand classic novel. His character creates hammy intensity. Here, is an example of one of the Earnshaws discussions with Heathcliff. Hindley said, and I pray that he may break your neck take him, and be damned, you beggarly interloper. (p. 61) His drama slowly evolves into an evil being. He pushes his hatred at everyone except Catherine. Heathcliff gets to a point of dependency on Catherine. As long as he has Catherine, he can deal with an ything. Heathcliff is, in effect, the story of Wuthering Heights.Thus, when Catherine dies, Heathcliff loses his co-dependent love and releases years of build-up rage and aggression. The emotions and actions of other characters in this epic novel all seem to stem from Heathcliff. His magnetized graphic symbollity is the catalyst toward other character interaction and plot development. Catherine, for example, is torn emotionally and spiritually over Heathcliff because of the feelings other family members have regarding Heathcliff. In the end, it has been viewed as a wipeout she desired. It was the only way to find relief to a life of bitter entanglements.The following quote comes from Catherine describing her feelings about Heathcliff to Edgar Oh Edgar, Edgar she panted, flinging her arms around his neck. Oh, Edgar darling Heathcliffs come back. (p. 114) As Heathcliff and Catherine develop their relationship fairly early. In chapter 10, we see that Catherine has grown bored of E dgar. Her interest in Heathcliff abhors Edgar and thus a bitter enviously between Heathcliff and Edgar ensues. Since Edgar is Catherines wife, the intensity of this jealousy from Edgar brings secret joy to Heathcliff.Heathcliff and Catherine wind up sharing deep passionate love. But the secrecy of her unfaithfulness becomes well-known in the family. Plus, the wealth of the Earnshaw creates greed within Heathcliff. This foreshadows the fact that Heathcliff will go to almost no-end to get what he wants the Earnshaw legacy. On an estranged level, we see that Heathcliffs mental stability becomes a question mark. The entire Earnshaw family, except for Catherine and Hareton, view Heathcliff as some sort of ruthless, cold-blooded creature. Some even consider him incarnate evil.From the motives perspective, however, he is a man of turbulent emotions who feels that everyone else is evil due to that fact that society has excluded him. His short-temper and violent tendencies helps to create the character backdrop of a villain that can cause two generations of a wealthy family to be turned upside-down. Healthcliff creates his own laws which are the main reason why he is hated by almost every other character in the novel. However, his commitment to Catherine leads readers to offer him some credibility, or at least pitied on some levels.This credibility is evermore in question due to Heathcliffs inability to be forgiving of anyone. Through dialogue from Heathcliff, Emily Bronte creates the image of a character sinking out of control. Isabella writes of her injure over the Earnshaw dilemma. She wrote, I do hate himI am wretchedI have been a fool. (p 163) Catherine, in Wuthering Heights, whose eventual demise comes by the detention of losing her own life, is set up by her personal struggles in her love-hate relationship with the arch nemesis, Heathcliff. She builds walls that suffocate herself from her family, all at the extent of Heathcliff.When other family members su spect his less-than-moral activities, Heathcliff hardly stacks on the lies by jabbering on to cover up his deception. He continues to manipulate situations based on fast-talking. Again, his unfortunate orphanage and adoption into this glamorous family is his means of escaping victimization. Yet, ironically, he is, two, a victim and villain in the grand scheme of Emily Brontes masterpiece. In the following, we listen to Hindley express his mental state of consciousness regarding Heathcliff. Hindley said,Unless you overreach him and hell be my ruin.Damn the hellish villian (p. 193) The tide turns as the lies intensify and the bang-up network of these families begin to see the truth. Other characters begin to gas their concerns over troubling issues surrounding Heathcliff. This unraveling of the family adds intensity to each new scene. In other words, the world is vituperate and only Catherine and Heathcliff are correctat least that is how Heathcliff sees things in his mental in stability. Comedy is another character that is distort into the threads of the evil characters in Wuthering Heights. virtually often, Bronte pokes fun at Heathcliff as the other family members and servants do him unfairly and oftentimes with mockery. The grand theme of shoemakers last and horror is apparent in Wuthering Heights. The characters evolve and revolve almost entirely around the characterization and change behaviors of Heathcliff. The other characters true motives come to light They yearn for the demise and death of Heathcliff. As timing is such a critical component of Heathcliffs development as a character, the timing of the lies within the family reach a climax.Before they can amend their ill-mannered plans to end Heathcliff, the damage is through and the family suffers. Bronte uses more empowering language to make her point with such artistry The guest was now the master of Wuthering Heights. (p. 204) In closing, this classic novel gained normal fame for its abil ity to weave the consequences of war and family and love and loss. And, it is done in climatic fashion. Betrayal and love and comedy are the components that keep the characters movingespecially our villain Heathcliff. thither is one single link that connects Heathcliff with humanity.That is his respect for Harton Earnshaw, the man who adopted Heathcliff into the family, initiating this lifelong journey. According to Vogler, respect for family also manifests in the story as the battle between siblings and loved ones becomes the requisite device to overcome loss and deception and overzealous pride (Vogler 16). There is no way to correct the death and horrific pain that was unleashed as the story of Heathcliff and the Earnshaws occurred. In fact, Heathcliff wound up spending almost his entire life acting out on revenge against this family.As his life came to an end, Heathcliff was pursuance spiritual aid. In fact, his dream was to be with Catherine again where he could spend eternity with the love of his life. Thus, as he brought about a slow death upon himself, he became happier the nearer and nearer he got to death. Yet, ironic as it may sound, Wuthering Heights is based on the love found by being squeeze into the trenches of war, a war that goes beyond the physical pain of the battlefield and into the ache of the soul. In the end, deceit loses but not before causing rampant death and destruction among the link known as family.Wuthering Heights by Emily BronteWuthering Heights by Emily Bronte is a strange and powerful book of family loss, love, vengeance, and good versus evil. Wuthering Heights, in essence, is a battle of nature versus nurture. Tartuffe is also a story of estranged family love, loss, and deceit. As each story begins, the evil villains in both books appear to be following the path of the good-hearted hero. Their true characteristics, however, slowly unravelshowing their tenacity for evil. Heathcliff, in Wuthering Heightsand Tartuffe, in the p lay Tartuffehave many comparable attributes.In Wuthering Heights Mr. Earnshaw brings home an orphan named Heathcliff that he quickly adopts into the family. This apparent noble gesture of family love for an individual without a home winds up initiating the warring and drama between several generations. In Tartuffe, the eventual evil character known as Tartuffe is regarded as a most pious and holy man, a hero on Gods pathor so we are led to believe. This can be paralleled to Heathcliffs entry into the story as a loved orphan child. Tartuffe is regarded by the community members with the utmost respect.The intertwining of love, lust, and deceit is rampant in both stories. Love, in the end, seems to be the demise of the evil characters. They are unable to share their love and thus choose to use lies and deceit to meet their unbridled need for passion, lust, and selfish gain. Wuthering Heights, although its main protagonist is an orphaned child, cradles its main character into a large fa mily. This adoption creates animosity between step-siblings and spouses. Estrangement and bitter revenge is a subplot linking both of these graphic novels of intensity.As the battles between individuals progress in each novel, the undercurrents of physical and mental painsometimes horrific paincreate intense situations as characters constantly juggle with a decision Is the fight for a worthy cause? Heathcliff, in Wuthering Heights, winds up becoming loved and hated. He is, in effect, the hero and villain of this grand classic novel. His character creates dramatic intensity. His drama slowly evolves into an evil being. He pushes his hatred at everyone except Catherine.Heathcliff gets to a point of dependency on Catherine. As long as he has Catherine, he can deal with anything. Heathcliff is, in effect, the story of Wuthering Heights. The emotions and actions of other characters in this epic novel all seem to stem from Heathcliff. His magnetic personality is the catalyst toward other character interaction and plot development. Catherine, for example, is torn emotionally and spiritually over Heathcliff because of the feelings other family members have regarding Heathcliff.In the end, she seeks relief in death. Some of the characters in the play begin to see that Tartuffe is not the pious individual they were led to believe he was. Cleante and Dorine, for instance, discuss Tartuffes questionable characteristics. They both agree he is filled with deceit and has tricked Orgon. The web of love and desire runs amok as communication between family members and loved ones is blurred. Deception creates the sub plotting elements between Damis, Orgon, Mariane, Valere, Cleante, and Dorine that create animosity.This cut play is in direct correlation to Emily Brontes classic novel that also weaves family deception, love, desire, and war to create an empowering story. Catherine, in Wuthering Heights, whose eventual demise comes by the pass of taking her own life, is set up by her personal struggles in her love-hate relationship with the arch nemesis, Heathcliff. She builds walls that suffocate herself from her family, all at the extent of Heathcliff. Tartuffe also builds walls. For Tartuffe, however, his walled persona is central to his initial means of deceiving others.He seeks to capture the love of Elmire. When others suspect his less-than-moral activities, Tartuffe simply stacks on the lies by jabbering on and using spectral cliches to cover up his deception. He continues to manipulate situations based on fast-talking. Again, his religious background leads others to believe him. The tide turns in both stories as the lies intensify and the great network of these families begin to see the truth. Other characters begin to boast their concerns over troubling issues surrounding Tartuffe. Madame Pernelles advice is seen as truly absurd.She feels betrayal and takes out her angst by reprimanding other family members. For example, she hounds Cleante for his desire to counsel society she doesnt like how Elmire dresses even the maid is reckless. This unraveling of the family adds intensity to each new scene. In other words, the world is wrong and only Madame Pernelle and Tartuffe are right. This talkative old woman reveals to the audience, for the very first time, that Tartuffes true character is not pious. Comedy is another component that is woven into the threads of the evil characters in Tartuffe and Wuthering Heights.In scene four, Orgon is completely fooled and also blinded by his committed affection to Tartuffe. The servant-master relationship gives way to humor. Here, we witness a bitter, yet sharp-witted, servant who makes fun of the unintelligent master. This dim-witted masters isnt even aware of the ridicule. Comedy is found throughout Wuthering Heights as well. Most often, Bronte pokes fun at Heathcliff as the other family members and servants treat him unfairly and oftentimes with mockery. The grand theme of death and horror is also apparent in both stories. The characters evolve and their true motives come to light.However, by the time the lies are brought to light, the damage is done and the families sufferin both stories. In closing, these two novels gain universal fame for their ability to weave the consequences of war and family and love and loss. And, it is done in climatic fashion. Betrayal and love and comedy are the components that keep the characters movingespecially our villains Heathcliff and Tartuffe. There is one single link that connects Heathcliff with humanity. That is his respect for Harton Earnshaw, the man who adopted Heathcliff into the family, initiating this lifelong journey.Respect for family also manifests in Tartuffe as the battle between siblings and loved ones becomes the necessary device to overcome loss and deception and overzealous pride. Wuthering Heights is based on the love found by being forced into the trenches of war, a war that goes beyond the physical pain of the battlefield and into the ache of the soul. Its ironic, in Tartuffe, that our antagonistic villain was once considered holy and pious. In the end, deceit loses but not before causing rampant death and destruction among the link known as family.

The Kroger Company

The Kroger Company is an Ohio based retailer and manufacturer of grocery harvest-tides with over 2,000 retail outlets covering 24 states. There atomic number 18 ten Kroger Marketing Areas that report to Headquarters in Cincinnati, Ohio. The Michigan Kroger Marketing Area covers the State of Michigan with offices in Livonia. The Livonia office supports 83 retail stores in the state with local Marketing, Product Procurement, Personal Training, Merchandising, Market Research and Facility Engineering. The role of a Produce vendee for Kroger requires many wariness skills.The Buyer has to depend on many different individuals to get product from the field to the hands of shoppers. The individuals the Produce Buyer deals with includes people inside Kroger and outside organizations much(prenominal) as growers, distributors, brokers, conjecturebers and trucking companies. The Produce Buyers responsibilities include procurement of product, pricing of product, shipping of product, retail-m erchandising direction, forecasting and evaluating surgical incision performance. The Produce Buyer needs to prove multiple items to develop the plan for getting produce to the consumer.The first-class honours degree step is developing an Ad-plan to picture their sales and profit objectives. The design of an Ad-plan requires current knowledge of merchandise conditions, competition checks, last years ad-plans, last years sales and movement reports, and sales meetings. Market conditions include product availability, seasonal products, lineament of product, growing areas, and product and transportation cost. Analyzing the competition involves visiting competitors stores and reviewing their advertisements from prior years.Reviewing Krogers previous year advertisements assists in developing a base for an effective Ad-plan. The practise of sales and movement reports supplies performance of the Ad-plan implemented for the same time period last year. The sales meeting involves the gat hering of all merchandising directors and local VPs to coordinate the process of developing an overall Ad-plan for the Michigan Kroger Marketing Area. The Ad-plan meeting is apply to make adjustments and corrections to achieve the sales goals and objectives for the entire organization.The Produce Buyer needs to make go for of multiple forms of communication to perform their occasional duties. The use of email and faxes are mechanisms to help facilitate the procurement process. Email is apply to get market conditions from various parts of the country, transmit purchase orders, confirmation of orders, interoffice communication, store communication and vendor solicitations. Received faxes supply market conditions for the country, vendor solicitations, rejoinder to product recalls and survey orders.The phone is used to contact stores about quality problems, receive detailed feedback from brokers, make product orders, schedule meetings, and locate late deliveries. The twain key org anizing functions a Produce Buyer would use to achieve projected goals are developing Sales Plans and Department Layouts. The Sales Plan and Department Layouts show stores with information on where and how to display products and gives them ordering guidelines. This information is used to determine what to buy and how much product should be purchased.The placement of product within a store has a direct effect on the amount of product that will be sold. Placing bananas on the end of a display piece will move better than if placed between apples and pears. The growing area would have a direct effect on the quality and appearance of the product that could leave behind in an increase or a decrease in sales. If Floridas strawberries lacked color, then the determination would be made to purchase from the colorful California class to produce the needed sales.The process of establishing standards, goals and targets, measuring performance and identifying deviations for the Produce Buyer a re the guidelines for a manager to insure plans are carried out or circumscribed to achieve the organizations st targetgy. The sales plan is set by the Produce Buyer as a tool for the store produce department manager to use as a guideline to reach the target goals for the buyer. The sales plan supplies the necessary merchandising standards for the stores to help maximize sales. These include exceptional product handling, ordering specifications, fruit layout and cross merchandising tips.The buyers performance is gauged by monitoring product movement on a daily basis, by weekly sales reports that recap the previous weeks retail sales and profit and comparison of these figures to the set budget. The other gauge used is the shipment report to evaluate actual movement versus projected movement of the week. The sales plan requires adjustment when projected sales and profit are not met for the week. To compensate for not achieving the weeks targets the following weeks sales plan must be modified in an effort to meet the goals.The Buyer uses a budget as a control tool to set goals for sales, expenditures, and profits. At Kroger, the Buyer strives to achieve both a sales sawhorse goal and a profit percent goal. These goals are set up in four-week increments called periods. There are thirteen periods in a calendar year. The first step in the budgeting process is to develop a sales forecast and sales budget. In the Kroger organization, each of the ten Marketing Areas controllers are given a budget by the Cincinnati corporate office for their division.The controller in turn requires that the Merchandising Director of each department submit a sales and rate for the entire year broken down by period. The directors need to consider economic conditions, competitors actions, and seasonal fluctuations to ensure an accurate forecast. Once the Directors have completed their departmental budgets, they return them to the controller for their review. The controller will apply th ese budgets to the planned budget for the Marketing area and if needed, the Directors may be requested to fine tune their projections in a effort to meet the needs of the entire company.It is the ultimate responsibility of the controller to ensure the Marketing Area stays on the correct pass to return the expected results. The Buyer uses the budget set by the Director of the department as a guideline in planning, organizing, and controlling procurement activities. An in operation(p) report is issued at the end of each period, which summarizes the sales, revenues, and expenses and compares actual results to projected budget. The Buyer uses the operating report as tool in measuring performance.The role of the homo Resources department at the Kroger company is staffing, compensation, performance, safety, training and development, and labor relations. Many of these functions can be applied to the role of a Produce Buyer in the organization. The job description for a Buyer is a collab orated effort between Human Resources and the Director of Produce Merchandising. The Human Resources Department acts as a filter in screening out applicants for the buying position who do not meet the minimum requirements of the position.Training programs and workshops are facilitated by Human Resource personnel and are focused on strengthening a Buyers professional and personal growth. A Buyers Performance Review is normally administered by the Director of Produce Merchandising and then a copy of the performance review and objectives is reviewed and filed in the Human Resources office. The information on the Performance review is use to determine the promotability of a Buyer. Key information related to promotability is highlighted on a Successive Planning Chart in the corporate Human Resources office in Cincinnati.The Planning Chart lists all management personnel in the company and is used to determine when an individual is ready to be promoted and to what position. This process is used when fill a vacant buyers position. A Kroger Buyer is faced with individual and group decision-making each day. Weather conditions, late truck arrivals, product quality, and product quantities can cause problems where a Buyer would need make a decision. In many of the cases, due to the highly perishable nature of the commodity, decisions need to be made quickly.

Materialism in “Fifth Business” by Robertson Davies Essay

Life embodies those whose dreams are involve success. For this definition in unshoed Joe, by W.P. Kinsella, Ray lives a foregathered existence by following his dreams and pursuing the idealistic path. He helps others fulfill their meaning of conduct by traveling miles to find them and to bring them backside to his field of dreams. He risks his band to do so, ultimately being successful. On the other hand, in the impudent Fifth Business, by Robertson Davies, Boy Staunton believes that he will be very successful and will get what he wants if he is rich. Although boy succeeds in getting money and living a life of luxury, he is never truly happy. He al federal agencys tries to reach his vision, nevertheless never seems to achieve it because he does not live in a way that makes his vision a possibility Boy lives the life he wants. Throughout the novel, the rich possesses a sense of carelessness and he believes that money yields happiness. His neglectful contemplate of money and hi s literalistic attitude, eventu tout ensembley lead to the destruction and downfall of his character. Authors, W.P Kinsella and Robertson Davies contrast physicalistic and idealistic values in their novels. ?At the beginning of the novel Shoeless Joe, W.P Kinsella portrays the protagonist Ray as a good father and husband with an ambitious image.Ray Kinsella is called upon by forces left un have a go at itn to the readers and himself, to go on or so(prenominal) a physical and heart-felt journey. If you build it he will come (Kinsella, 3). When Ray first heard the voice he knew that it had a special meaning and it was presentment him to do something. At the beginning it seemed to Ray that the voice is just his own imagination, but when the voice constantly repeated he knew that it was real. From that moment Ray knew that his finishing would be to build a baseball field and he referred to Shoeless Joe. Throughout the novel, Ray Kinsella starts to believe more and more in his dre am. Initially, it seemed almost impossible, but as his belief grew, he realized that it might soon be a reality. This idea of believing in ones dreams is integral to the novel and is shown ideally in Rays character. In opposition, Robertson Davies characterizes the antagonist Boy Staunton as a materialistic individual who only(prenominal) cares most himself. When Percy Boy damage Mary Dumpsters brain, which caused premature birth, he quickly moved on and forgot about the incident.After many years, he was asked about recognition of Mrs. Dempster and he replied not at all. Why should I?(Davies,261). He focused on the negative aspects of his life. Boy is still finishing school and in theprocess of stealing Dunnys girl while he was away. By avoiding problems in his childhood Boy became a successful materialist. ?Ray Kinsellas journey began when he left his family and risked his fortune to fulfill other peoples dreams. At the end he succeeded in accomplishing his goal, but did not exp ect any award. I did it all. I listened to the voices, I did what they told me, and not once did I ask whats in it for me (Kinsella 230). He was not doing anything to please himself, but thought of others instead. He spent a parcel of money to build the field and treated other men like guests. This is my corn. You people are guests in my corn. He proved that in order to be happy there is no need to have a lot of money and material objects. He chose an ideal path rather than a material one. While Ray is in a search for inner truth and idealism, Percy is searching for outer beauty and satisfaction with his port.Boy is more concerned with change magnitude his great wealth and all the possessions money can buy, rather than his ideal well being. There is nothing more important for Boy than himself and his success. He is an egoist. We looked into each others eyes and I knew that he was afraid, and I knew also that he would fight, lie, do anything rather than admit what I knew. And I d idnt know what in the world I could do about it. He believes that he can control life by exerting his willpower. He does not clutter his headspring with useless information, and also never forgets what is useful to his advance through life. He knows women only as sexual objects, and thinks only in terms of the surface appearance of things. ? I feel rotten Ive done just about everything Ive ever planned to do, and everybody thinks Im a success moreover sometimes I wish I could get into a car and drive away from the whole damned thing. PIOTREK Daj tu citation As he gets aged(a) he realizes the sterility of acquiring more things, but unfortunately doesnt do anything in order to change. In the book Shoeless Joe, W.P. Kinsella wrote about how some people were missing something in their lives, but they found what they had been looking for when they arrived at Rays field. Ray built a baseball field to fulfill his unfulfilled dreams of the past. Rays father died when he was a teenager, s o Ray did not get to spend much time with him. Ray had forever and a day longed to see his father again and this dream came true when he built the field. Others had unquenchable dreams like Ray. Archibald Graham never got to bat in the majors, and that was what was missing in his life. Well, you know I I never got to bat in themajor leagues. I would have liked to have that chance. Just once. (Kinsella, 165). When Archie Graham came to Rays field, he found the thread that tied the meaning of his life. Eddie Scissons also had an unrealized dream, all his life he had lied about himself being the oldest living dinero Cub, but he was only looking for the recognition that he had always dreamt of having. When he came to Rays field, he no longer had to lie about himself being the oldest living Chicago Cub, for thats exactly what he became.Rays field of dreams helped fulfill the dreams of other men besides himself, and it made all the men very happy to finally find what they have been look ing for all their lives. On the other hand, in Fifth Business, Boys materialistic values destroyed his marriage and lead to his downfall. To him the reality was of life lay in external things, whereas for me the only reality was of the spirit of mind. (Davies, 114) Percy wants everyone, and everything in control, in his control. He is not able to form warm, lasting human relationship. When Boy realized that his wife is not what he wants he decides to abandon her. When Leola commits suicide Boys guilt became so great that he could no longer face it. When Boy realized that his acquisitive way of living destroyed his family and lives of others, suicide was the only way out. He was killed by the usual cabal by himself, first of all by the woman he knew by the woman he did not know by the man who granted his inmost wish and by the inevitable fifth, who was the keeper of his conscience and keeper of the stone. (Davies, 237).Both authors R.W. Kineslla and Robertson Davies contrast ideal v s. material values in their novels. They show that life based on material values is shallow and unrewarding, while believing and never giving up on dreams is the only true path to happiness.

Marketing Spotlight Coca-cola Essay

1- What have been the key success factors for COCA-COLA?From the text, it seems that the key success factors ar summarized by Marketing Coca-Cola is seen as unmatched of the intromission fathers of the modern day marketing model. They were among the pioneers of advertising techniques and styles used to capture an audience. Innovation It was apparent that the market was changing and in order to keep up with these changes, Coca-Cola had to walk out from a single core product to a total beverage company.This was a major change because their past success was base on having one successful core product. Globalization Technology is continually changing business, and these constant changes have been making it more feasible and profitable for businesses to expand their operations globally in order to serve all different types of diverse markets around the world, Coca-Cola is taking advantage of the large revenue opportunities made possible by combat-ready in a global market and now offer s products in 200 countries around the world.2- Where is COCA-COLA vulnerable? What should they watch for?global brand strategy and local, it must consider global but act local, now the effectiveness of TV ads is declining due to media fragmentation and use of devices resembling TIVO that let viewer zap commercials. escape cock ads are that ad, which temporarily attracts the customers but doesnt say much about core ranges of the company or the product. An ad should describe a brands character and value driver, which drives the personality. Most of the recent ads just endorsed by celebrities dont much explain about cokes value, in long run this may make nation to forget what coke stand for. They should work to make values more fresh and relevant and study alternatives for communications strategies. They should find another ways to embark some countries that COCA-COLA doesnt enter.3- What recommendations would you make to their senior marketing executives going forward? What sho uld they be sure to do with their marketing?Position it differently for example like refresher for a farmer/ who is doing hard work in farmland to penetrate deep into Bottom of the pyramid. Think global but act local.Flight ads are that ad, which temporarily attracts the customers but doesnt say much about core values of the company or the product. An ad should describe a brands personality and value driver, which drives the personality.

Liberalism remains hugely influential in British Politics Essay

Liberalism remains hugely influential in British Politics, model the cherish systems and policies of all the mainstream governmental parties. Discuss.The prime focus of Liberalism is freedom and liberty the type of liberty they strive for depends, however, on which of the two types of Liberalism is being referred to. Firstly perfect Liberalism, believing in negative freedom and progressive Liberalism leaning more towards positive freedom. I would argue that Liberalism does still have an influence in British politics however I would not go as far as to say that it is hugely influential.Firstly, I would outline that the Labour Party is perchance the least liberal in their political approach. Their manifesto does not set out many liberal policies due to their economical stance. The fact that Labour is traditionally a moderately socialistic ships company, concentrating on equality within society and for this reason, they would steer away from the free-market and especial(a) gover nment intervention approaches that liberals may take to politics.The limited government that Classical liberals see as ideal would not appeal to the Labour troupe as they strive for the equality of their citizens and would feel that they need to travel to policies, such(prenominal) as their policy on housing set out in their 2010 manifesto No stamp duty for first-time buyers on all domicil purchases below 250,000 for two years, paid for by a five per cent rate on homes worth more than 1 million. This policy shows a socialist side to New Labour, highlighting a from each according to his ability, to each according to his need ideology within Labour politics.However, progressive liberalism may be seen to have had more of an influence on Labour Party politics. The fact that the Labour party believes in imposing policies of equality on society implies that they value positive freedom. Policies put forward such as the Equality Bill which has been justified as a consolidation measure br inging different strands of anti-discrimination justness together while implementing EU directives highlight the controlled aspect of the Labour partys equality regime.It could be argued that in the past, aspects of Liberalism, although neither truly Classical or Progressive, such as Neo-Liberalism have had a significant influence on British politics as well as the policies and value systems of the buttoned-up party in particular. During Thatchers time in office, she highlighted an ideal of a pragmatic means to progress. The Thatcherite Conservative party saw Neo-Liberalism as an obvious way to change to the constantly changing nature of modern political thought. Tony Blairs New Labour could also be seen as a Neo-Liberal third way government, on both a social and economic scale.The current Conservative party however, seem to be significantly less affected by Liberalism. Arguably, the free-market ideals that Cameron appears to hold are seen as Neo-Liberal however, it is apparent that in the current coalition government that Britain is currently led by, this free-market and Neo-Liberal philosophy has been limited to the catch-all demands of mainstream politics.This is apparent in Conservative economic policies such as that put forward in their 2010 pre-general election manifest A five per cent pay cut for Ministers followed by a five-year freeze, and a 10 per cent reduction in the number of MPs. This policy in itself shows how Camerons Conservative party are trying to appeal to the masses in arrogant the pay of ministers. This does not necessarily denote a free-market approach to the economy and does not play into the meritocratic values that have been seen in the Conservative party in the past.It could also be argued however, that more prominent economic policies put forward in the Conservative manifesto pre-2010 have shown that Camerons Conservatives are touching toward the Neo-Liberal, Thatcherite ideology that the Conservative party once had. Although this may not have been the case when Cameron first became the leader of the Conservative party in 2005, aspects of his partys general election manifesto in 2010, such as Reduce welfare dependency and Stopping tax credits to families with incomes over 50,000 have prove to have shown the partys shift back towards Thatcherite economic politics. These policies show a move back towards meritocratic society and a distinct footfall away from the something for nothing culture that has emerged in modern Britain.Finally, the Liberal Democrats both by name and by nature are arguably more influenced by Liberalism than any other mainstream political party. Progressive Liberalism can be seen clearly in certain aspects of their recent policies, on education for example Cutting mannequin sizes to ensure children get the individual attention they need. This is a fine example of how the Liberal Democrats would like to impose positive liberty and freedom on its citizens sensitive class sizes woul d increase individual attention and therefore arguably create more freedom and liberty for pupils in the long-term.It could also be argued however, that the Liberal Democrats are no longer such a liberal party, but more of a third way political party much like the Conservative and Labour parties who have shifted towards the centre of political ideals and values in order to also become more catch-all and appeal to the masses.In conclusion, I would argue that loosely Liberalism is not hugely influential in British politics as a whole and does not necessarily mould the value systems and policies of all the mainstream political parties. However, I would argue that liberalism still remains influential in certain specific parts of each partys policies and value systems therefore remain an influential force, to an extent, in British politics.

Aphasiology: Disorders and clinical practice Essay

Acquired AphasiaIntroductionAbstr exertion The paper describes aphasia in details and to a fault the ch eachenges that argon faced by the psyches who suffer from aphasia. The paper also describes about the decision maker director director campaigning and what it entail including the affinity between productivity outcomes and executive intentions. The paper also highlights the challenges that aphasia patients face in their day to day lives. For instance, how these individuals storage argona their day-by-day tasks. The paper shows that these patients face a lot of challenges including discrimination since they are misunderstood by many a nonher(prenominal) people. Also this paper shows how these patients advise undergo therapy interference as a way of improving their voice dialogue and also to be educated on how to cope and interact with some other(a) people who do non have aphasia. Finally the paper describes the implications of this therapy manipulation on aphasia patients. Aphasia refers to comprehension detriment and actors line production which is ordinarily led by damage in language constituent brain hemisphere. Aphasia is a family of disorders involving varying impairment degrees in four fundamental areasSpoken language comprehensionSpoken language expression knowledge comprehension, andWritten expression An individual who have aphasia usually have comparatively nonlinguistic cognitive skills which is inviolate like executive and memory sound skills counterbalance though these and other cognitive discrepancies may concur together with aphasia. Sensory deficits like visual and auditory agnosia and visual field deficits may also be present (Bhagal et al, 2003). The result of aphasia is challenging to predict out-of-pocket to the wide symptoms variability. Aphasia result varies extensively from individual to individual depending on the brain insult severity and the lesion location. The indicator of the long- term rec overy which i s easily predictable is sign aphasia severity together with lesion size and station. Other factors which are usually considered concerning prognosis consist of the individuals education level, gender, age among other comorbidities (Retrieved from http//www.aphasia.com/about-aphasia/who-gets-aphasia). When scrutinized properly, however, these factors appear to be weak predictors of the degree of recuperation. Assessment of aphasia is finish-oriented, organized idea of the variety of pragmatic, linguistic and cognitive components of language. decision maker function refers to the abilities and skills which enables individuals to achieve activities which are goal-directed. Prior to a genius injury or traumatic brain, these abilities depose be adversely affected (Simmons et al, 2010).Executive Functioning and end a taskCompleting a task involves somewhat musical notes as followsPlanning cookery and/ or knowing the steps for a precise activityInitiation initiating an activit yDoing the task death penalty the plans and at the same time self regulating and self monitoring.Evaluating- checking the outcomes of your work.Changing and improving- checking ways of simplifying the task succeeding(a) time and keeping away from any errors. The above executive functions are used for all types of perfunctory tasks like shopping, laundry and cooking. In order to complete a task an individual must lead off each step, put in order, follow through and as this continues adjusting and monitoring of actions should be done. Most individuals do these activities without planning or any thought. However, for a person who is suffering from a brain injury he or she may face a challenge while initiating the task in the initial place. such individuals may not have a thought of going food shopping and doing the washing even if their fridge is empty or there is a pile of laundry which is dirty, these clear cues may not initiate the thought process which makes them bettermen t a plan of action (Dickey et al, 2010). People with acquired aphasia may start an activity however not have thought it through therefore they make errors. A fair illustration would be going for shopping however forgets carrying a shopping list or wallet. Although this can also happen to any individual however it occurs more(prenominal)(prenominal) frequently if an individual have a brain injury. Individuals with acquired aphasia may not learn from past errors and they end up repeating similar mistakes over and over again while they try accomplishing a task (Mesulam, 2001). An individual with aphasia usually lack brain wave into their own capabilities to execute tasks, even in a case where individuals make suggestions which are positive. Treatment and reclamation usually involves executing systems and strategies to function individuals with executive functioning difficultiesDaily organizers and plannersHome in ruleation centre which includes calendars, celebrate boards etc.Re serve time each day purposed for planningUse a Dictaphone and timers for remindersUsing step by step checklistsExecutive functions and regulating thinking and fashion Another purpose of executive functions is that they assist individuals to control their behavior to respond and act properly. Problems with self regulation can result to verbalizations and impulsive behavior and may happen in numerous waysUttering in take away statements or remarksDominating the conversation beingness rudeBeing unable to stay on topicContinuously talking about a peculiar(prenominal) subject With an aid of a duly qualified language and speech therapist some people with aphasia can be trained on picking up on a auditors facial expressions or reactions thus realizing when they are making error in their communication. Recovery from aphasia may imply re-learning what facial expressions and social conventions signify, however it may imply just re-learning how to react appropriately to particular facial ex pression for instance, if a certain person say something and his or her communication accomplice seems to be shocked this may imply that the person have spoken a wrong thing (Hurkmans et al, 2012). structural communication and executive function in aphasia Functional communication refers to the capability of receiving and conveying a message, in spite of the mode, to converse successfully and independently in a particular environment. Broca and wernicke perceived language to be different from cognition where they argued that patients who have aphasia are cognitively integral however they deficits in their language. On the other hand, recent studies shows that cognitive impairments like attention, working memory and sequencing are possessed by individuals who have aphasia. payoffs illustrates that attenuate executive function capability may be linked to declined functional communication capability in individuals with aphasia. The executive function usually depends in communication success (Cherney et al, 2011). According to Davis et al (2004) functional communication and executive function ability are associated closely in individuals with aphasia. wording impairment may not correlate always with real like communication capability. Thus, executive function may be an perfection functional communication ability indicator (Davis, 2004). In a case where there is impairment of Executive function in aphasia patients, this may be due to the fact that functional communication capability is more impaired than what is indicated by severity of language impairments. Relationship between executive functions and productivity outcomes following byzant, deterioration and renewal This study shows the need of assessing executive functions thoroughly in order to direct cognitive renewal interventions as a result of a buffet. This is different from carrying out a cognitive screening incorporating only if one or two elements of executive functions. Additionally, the findin gs show that more comprehensive evaluation of executive functions may be acceptable for younger people that have suffered from stroke. The evaluation will establish their ability to extend to productive tasks which include tailor replacement and employment to provide aid to needs consequently. Future investigate is suggested in order to study efficacy of advancees which evaluate the interactive and separate influence of fundamental executive functions and cognitive processes. In addition, methodical assessment of renewal practices to help heed of individuals of executive dysfunction in everydays spirit is recommended. Relations between semantic processing, short-term memory deficits and executive function Allen et al (2012) shows that semantic processing capabilities, semantic short-term memory deficits are highly related to ecumenic or specific executive function deficits. A research was conducted involving a total of 20 patients with immediate memory deficits and aphasia we re evaluated on basis of semantic processing, short -term retention and both simple and rigid executive function activities. The study found no evidence that semantic STM deficits result due to deficits in executive function (Brady et al, 2012). Executive function tasks carrying out was found to relate with some semantic processing tasks performance proposed that a relational combination function may bring about performance on both sorts of tasks. Correlation between some executive function activities and phonological STM was realized where phonological tale and storage play great role in executive function activities with verbal element (Engelter et al, 2006). clinical repercussions for the elucidation of the executive function role in language-processing activities and the achievable contributions of executive function deficits and STM in interposition regimes. Executive function capabilities depend on fundamental cognitive resources.Relational integration- role in discourse EF role in treatment of language deficits depends on aspect of language which is being treated. represent no relation between performance and semantic STM on complex and simple executive function activities (Pedersenet al, 1995). Instead they realized that executive function tasks and phonological STM were related in activities that had a verbal element recommends that performance in several executive function activities depends on rehearsing or maintaining phonological codes. Although semantic STM was unrelated to executive function capability, semantic processing tasks performance was connected to the executive function (Moxley, 2002). After the completion assessment stage, a plan for treatment is obtained from the outcomes of the assessments. Clinician must assess the form of treatment surface they will utilize. It has been investigated that early intervention is more ideal compared to late intervention. The basic goal in aphasia treatment is to improve functional communication s o as to participate in tasks of daily living. The main goal of the patient is to recuperate enough language to carry on with their life normally as possible (Faroqui-Shah et al, 2010).Treatment of executive function and language Impairment based Approach This approach uses cognitive processing to find out the processes and components which have been fractioned as a result of brain damage. The approach also uses normal cognitive processing models to come up with the processes and components, which are damaged. Treatment is determined on basis of these outcomes. The approach argues that brain has ability of reorganizing and that reorganization is shaped directly by the environment. There is a perception that language and executive function will return as a successful treatment product (Teasell et al, 2011).Consequence Approach It is also known as social, functional, psychological, life participation approach. This approach targets the outcomes of life participation impairment and crea tes treatment goals on basis of these impairments. A therapist who uses consequence approach should hide fully the limitations aphasia has on the life of an individual. The consequences approach influences values and principles which are separate it from impairment based approach (Hier et al, 1994). There is growing support for the notion that executive/attention function skills in people with aphasia are remediable. Moreover, there is a significant relationship between functional communication and executive/attention function in individuals with aphasia. The outcomes recommend that treatment of executive/attention function in aphasia may lead to mensurable variations in these skills and in the conversation communication success.ReferencesBhogal, S. K., Teasell, R., & linguistic processley, M. (2003). Intensity of aphasia therapy, feign on recovery. guessing, 34, 987-993.Brady, M. C., Kelly, H., Godwin, J, & Enderby, P. (2012). Speech and language therapy for aphasia following s troke. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 5, CD000425.Cherney, L., Patterson, J., & Raymer, A. (2011). Intensity of aphasia therapy Evidence and efficacy. Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports, 11, 560-569.Cherney, L., Patterson, J., Raymer, A., Frymark, T., & Schooling, T. (2010). Updated evidence-based systematic review Effects of intensity of treatment and constraint-induced language therapy for individuals with stroke-induced aphasia. ASHAs National Center for Evidence-Based Practice in communication Disorders. Rockville, MD American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. cultivated Rights Act of 1964 7, 42 U.S.C. 2000e et seq (1964).Davis, G. A. (2007). Aphasiology Disorders and clinical practice (2nd ed.). Needham Heights, MA Allyn & Bacon.Dickey, L., Kagan, A., Lindsay, M. P., Fang, J., Rowland, A., & Black, S. (2010). Incidence and profile of inpatient stroke-induced aphasia in Ontario, Canada. history of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 91, 196-202.Engelter , S. T., Gostynski, M., Papa, S., Maya, F., Claudia, B., Vladeta, A.G., Phillipe, A. L. (2006). Epidemiology of aphasia attributable to first ischemic stroke Incidence, severity, fluency, etiology, and thrombolysis. diagonal, 37, 1379-1384Faroqui-Shah, Y., Frymark, T., Mullen, R., & Wang, B. (2010). Effect of treatment for bilingual individuals with aphasia A systematic review of the evidence. journal of Neurolinguistics, 23(4), 319-341.Framework for Outcome Measurement (FROM). Aphasia lend. Toronto, Ontario, Canada. OR Kagan, A., Simmons-Mackie, N., Rowland, A., Huijbregts, M., Shumway, E., McEwen, S., & Sharp, S. (2008). Counting what counts A mannequin for capturing real-life outcomes of aphasia intervention. Aphasiaology, 22(3), 259-280.Hier, D. B., Yoon, W. B., Mohr, J. P. & Price, T. R. (1994). Gender and aphasia in the stroke bank.Brain and Language, 47 , 155-167.Hurkmans, J., de Bruijn, M., Boonstra, A., Jonkers, R., Bastiaanse, R., Arendzen, H., & Reinders-Messelink, H . (2012). Music in the treatment of neurological language and speech disorders A systematic review. Aphasiology, 26, 1-19.Intercollegiate Stroke Working Party. (2008). National clinical guidelines for stroke (3rd ed.). London, fall in Kingdom Royal College of Physicians.Limited English Proficiency A Federal Interagency Website (2013). Available from www.lep.govLingraphica (n.d.). Who gets aphasia? Retrieved from http//www.aphasia.com/about-aphasia/who-gets-aphasiaMoxley, A. (2002, November 05). Make your surrender count Igniting change through research. The ASHA Leader.Murray, L. L., & Chapey, R. (2001). Assessment of language disorders in adults. In R. Chapey (Ed.), Language intervention strategies in aphasia and related neurogenic communication disorders (pp. 55-126). Philadelphia, PA Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins.Mesulam, M. (2001). Primary progressive aphasia. Annals of Neurology, 49, 425-432.National Aphasia Association (2011). www.aphasia.orgNational Institute of Neurologi cal Disorders and Stroke. (n.d.). NINDS aphasia information page. Retrieved from http//www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/aphasia/aphasia.htmNational Stroke Association. (2008). http//www.stroke.orgNational Stroke Foundation (2010). clinical guidelines for acute stroke management 2010. Melbourne, Australia Author.Stroke Foundation of New Zealand and New Zealand Guidelines Group (2010). New Zealand Clinical Guidelines for Stroke counseling 2010.Wellington, New Zealand Stroke Foundation of New Zealand.Pedersen, P. M., Jorgensen, H. S., Raaschou, H. O., & Olsen, T. S. (1995). Aphasia in acute stroke Incidence, determinants, and recovery. Annals of Neurology, 38, 659-666.Plowman, E., Hentz, B., & Ellis, C. (2012). Post-stroke aphasia prognosis A review of patient-related and stroke-related factors. Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice, 18, 689-694.Rogers, M. (2004). Aphasia, primary progressive. In R. D. Kent (Ed.), The MIT encyclopedia of communication disorders (pp. 245-249). Cambridg e, MA MIT Press.Taylor-Goh, S. (Ed.) (2005). Royal College of Speech and Language Therapists Clinical Guidelines 5.12 Aphasia. Bicester, United Kingdom Speechmark.Simmons-Mackie, N., & Kagan, A. (2007). Application of the ICF in aphasia. Seminars in Speech and Language, 28, 244-253.Simmons-Mackie, N., Raymer, A., Armstrong, E., Holland, A., & Cherney, L. R. (2010). Communication partner training in aphasia A systematic review. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 91, 1814-1837.Catalan federal agency for substantiallyness Technology Assessment and Research (2007). Stroke Clinical practice guideline (2nd ed.). Barcelona, Spain Author.Teasell, R. W., Foley, N. C., & Salter, K. (2011). Evidence-based review of stroke replacement (14th ed.). Retrieved from www.ebrsr.comManagement of Stroke Rehabilitation Working Group (2010). VA/DOD clinical practice guideline for the management of stroke rehabilitation. Journal of Rehabilitation Research & Development, 47(9), 1-43.World Health Organization. (2001). International classification of functioning, disability and health. Geneva, Switzerland Author.Bhogal, S. K., Teasell, R., & Speechley, M. (2003). Intensity of aphasia therapy, impact on recovery. Stroke, 34, 987-993.The defend reveals the significance of therapy. Intense therapy over a short time frame can improve outcomes of language and speech therapy for stroke patients suffering with aphasia.Brady, M. C., Kelly, H., Godwin, J, & Enderby, P. (2012). Speech and language therapy for aphasia following stroke. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 5, CD000425.The discussion shows the evidence of appropriateness of SLT speech and language therapy to patients suffering from aphasia due to stroke in regard to procession functional communication, expressive and receptive language.Cherney, L., Patterson, J., & Raymer, A. (2011). Intensity of aphasia therapy Evidence and efficacy. Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports, 11, 560-569.The defy emphasiz es the need of determine the intensity of treatment for any treatment program for aphasia. The intensity may vary depending on the specific stimuli, type of intervention and response needed by the patient.Cherney, L., Patterson, J., Raymer, A., Frymark, T., & Schooling, T. (2010). Updated evidence-based systematic review Effects of intensity of treatment and constraint-induced language therapy for individuals with stroke-induced aphasia. ASHAs National Center for Evidence-Based Practice in Communication Disorders. Rockville, MD American Speech-Language-Hearing Association.The agree explains the impact of intensity and constraint-induced language treatment to patients with aphasia induced by stroke.Civil Rights Act of 1964 7, 42 U.S.C. 2000e et seq (1964).The act outlines how people with disorders should not be discriminated against. The law prevents applicants and employees from discrimination in all terms, privileges and conditions of employment.Davis, G. A. (2007). Aphasiology Disorders and clinical practice (2nd ed.). Needham Heights, MA Allyn & Bacon.The concur outlines the fundamental principles and approaches for assessment of six neurologically based disorders. Every disorder reveals different order of divine revelation signs of communicative behaviors. The entertain emphasizes the need of placing the needs according to hierarchy in order to dictate the appropriate treatment.Dickey, L., Kagan, A., Lindsay, M. P., Fang, J., Rowland, A., & Black, S. (2010). Incidence and profile of inpatient stroke-induced aphasia in Ontario, Canada. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 91, 196-202.The book explains the factors that determine the incidents of stroke-induced aphasia. The book also highlights the clinical and demographic features for stroke patients with or without this disorder.Engelter, S. T., Gostynski, M., Papa, S., Maya, F., Claudia, B., Vladeta, A.G., Phillipe, A. L. (2006). Epidemiology of aphasia attributable to first ischemic st roke Incidence, severity, fluency, etiology, and thrombolysis. Stroke, 37, 1379-1384The book explains the relationship between aphasia and first ischemic stroke. Cardioembolism and advanced age showed a positive relationship, where they have a great risk for this condition. Fluency and severity of aphasia were not influenced by demographic variable.Faroqui-Shah, Y., Frymark, T., Mullen, R., & Wang, B. (2010). Effect of treatment for bilingual individuals with aphasia A systematic review of the evidence. Journal of Neurolinguistics, 23(4), 319-341.The book is about managing of stroke induced aphasia in a cultural diverse world. There is an increased likelihood of bilingual patients due to the cultural diversity.Framework for Outcome Measurement (FROM). Aphasia Institute. Toronto, Ontario, Canada. OR Kagan, A., Simmons-Mackie, N., Rowland, A., Huijbregts, M., Shumway, E., McEwen, S., & Sharp, S. (2008). Counting what counts A framework for capturing real-life outcomes of aphasia inte rvention. Aphasiaology, 22(3), 259-280.The book reveals the incidents of distinguishing of stroke-induced aphasia. The book explains how stroke patients are more persuasible to this disorder.Hier, D. B., Yoon, W. B., Mohr, J. P. & Price, T. R. (1994). Gender and aphasia in the stroke bank.The book is about the relationship between gender and stroke-induced aphasia. Aphasia incidence is high in females than in males especially to women with infarcts.Brain and Language, 47 , 155-167.The book explains the coordination between brain and language. The book reveals how organization of brain is vital for language.Hurkmans, J., de Bruijn, M., Boonstra, A., Jonkers, R., Bastiaanse, R., Arendzen, H., & Reinders-Messelink, H. (2012). Music in the treatment of neurological language and speech disorders A systematic review. Aphasiology, 26, 1-19.The book explains the significance of music therapy in rehabilitation of speech disorders. Music is a familiar treatment of apraxia and aphasia of spe ech. Music usually stimulate brain functions associated to speech.Intercollegiate Stroke Working Party. (2008). National clinical guidelines for stroke (3rd ed.). London, United Kingdom Royal College of Physicians.The book highlights the guidelines which distinctly provide the necessary management skills for stroke patients. The guide contains the passports for language and speech therapy.Limited English Proficiency A Federal Interagency Website (2013). Available from www.lep.govLEP. gov encourages a cooperative and positive understanding of the significance of language access to federally assisted and federal conducted programs.Lingraphica (n.d.). Who gets aphasia? Retrieved from http//www.aphasia.com/about-aphasia/who-gets-aphasiaThis site explains the factors that make people more prevalent to aphasia. The most common cause is stroke while other symptoms include some neurological conditions, brain tumors, and head injuries. However, the disorder can occur to people of all age b rackets, nationalities, races and genders.Moxley, A. (2002, November 05). Make your grant count Igniting change through research. The ASHA Leader.The article is about the report from an interrogative sentence carried out between Spanish Latinos and English speakers. The English examination was administered to test their fluency.Murray, L. L., & Chapey, R. (2001). Assessment of language disorders in adults. In R. Chapey (Ed.), Language intervention strategies in aphasia and related neurogenic communication disorders (pp. 55-126). Philadelphia, PA Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins.The book reveals that there is a relationship between stroke-induced aphasia and ageing. Old people suffering from stroke are more susceptible to the condition.Mesulam, M. (2001). Primary progressive aphasia. Annals of Neurology, 49, 425-432.The book define primary progressive as a central disorder characterized by gradual and isolated disbanding of language function. The condition starts with anomia, proceed s to impair of grammatical building finally difficulty in semantics.National Aphasia Association (2011). www.aphasia.orgIts is a non-profit organization that praises research, public education, support and rehabilitation work to aphasia patient and their families.National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. (n.d.). NINDS aphasia information page. Retrieved from http//www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/aphasia/aphasia.htmClearly explains the causal effects of this disorder, the symptoms as well as the relationship between stroke and aphasia.National Stroke Association. (2008). http//www.stroke.orgIt is a non-profit organization that helps with research, education and services to the aphasia patients as well as their families.National Stroke Foundation (2010). Clinical guidelines for acute stroke management 2010. Melbourne, Australia Author.These guidelines explain the appropriate therapy for language and speech. They are guidelines to the clinicians for easy identification of the aphasia stage in order to prescribe appropriate treatment.Stroke Foundation of New Zealand and New Zealand Guidelines Group (2010). New Zealand Clinical Guidelines for Stroke Management 2010.Wellington, New Zealand Stroke Foundation of New Zealand.The network aims at enhancing the implementation of appropriate treatment in stoke care all over New Zealand by improving the expertise of stroke physicians as well as maximizing their effectiveness.Pedersen, P. M., Jorgensen, H. S., Raaschou, H. O., & Olsen, T. S. (1995). Aphasia in acute stroke Incidence, determinants, and recovery. Annals of Neurology, 38, 659-666.The book explains the causes, determining factors and recovery methods of aphasia. Stroke is the major contributing factor.Plowman, E., Hentz, B., & Ellis, C. (2012). Post-stroke aphasia prognosis A review of patient-related and stroke-related factors. Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice, 18, 689-694.The book recommends the recovery procedure for people suffering fr om post-stroke aphasia. Predictive factors are challenging due to their uniform variability making prognosis of aphasia recuperation troublesome.Rogers, M. (2004). Aphasia, primary progressive. In R. D. Kent (Ed.), The MIT encyclopedia of communication disorders (pp. 245-249). Cambridge, MA MIT Press.The book highlights the progressive stages starting with initial to the aphasia stage. It clearly explains aphasia as a communication disorder.Taylor-Goh, S. (Ed.) (2005). Royal College of Speech and Language Therapists Clinical Guidelines 5.12 Aphasia. Bicester, United Kingdom Speechmark.These guidelines provide the recommendation for the appropriate care attention to the aphasia patients. The guide explains adequate therapy for speech and language.Simmons-Mackie, N., & Kagan, A. (2007). Application of the ICF in aphasia. Seminars in Speech and Language, 28, 244-253.This approach is used as a rehabilitation method to the people suffering from aphasia. It explains its effectiveness an d how to understand the patient response after application of this method.Simmons-Mackie, N., Raymer, A., Armstrong, E., Holland, A., & Cherney, L. R. (2010). Communication partner training in aphasia A systematic review. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 91, 1814-1837.The book clearly outline different approaches towards aphasia recovery and treatment. The clinicians should be well endowed with expertise to treat this disorder.Catalan Agency for Health Technology Assessment and Research (2007). Stroke Clinical practice guideline (2nd ed.). Barcelona, Spain Author.These guidelines provide the recommendation for appropriate treatment for aphasia. The guide also provide the necessary therapy for speech and language.Teasell, R. W., Foley, N. C., & Salter, K. (2011). Evidence-based review of stroke rehabilitation (14th ed.). Retrieved from www.ebrsr.comHighlights different methods of dealing with this disorder. It poses difficult to prescribe appropriate treatment due to variability of this condition, thus doctors are required to understand different methods of treatment.Management of Stroke Rehabilitation Working Group (2010). VA/DOD clinical practice guideline for the management of stroke rehabilitation. Journal of Rehabilitation Research & Development, 47(9), 1-43.There should be solid management of people suffering from aphasia. Cultural diversity is one of the challenges. People should not be discriminated against due to condition, race, religion or any other factor.World Health Organization. (2001). International classification of functioning, disability and health. Geneva, Switzerland Author.This is a non-profit organization that fights for the rights of people with disabilities. It not only provide support in terms of funding, but also in educating and advising affected people.Source document

Music in Nature Essay

MusicWhen harmony sounds, gone is the earth I k instanter,And all her lovely things even lovelier growHer flowers in vision flame, her forest treesLift loaded down branches, stilled with ecstasies.When euphony sounds, out of the water riseNaiads whose beauty dims my waking eyes,Rapt in odd dreams burns each enchanted face,With solemn echoing stirs their dwelling-place.When music sounds, all that I was I amEre to this haunt of contemplativeness dust I cameAnd from Times woods break into distant songThe swift-winged hours, as I hie along.In the first stanza, Music renders Nature beyond flowers into vision flame, trees that Lift burdened branches, stilled with ecstasies. The word stilled could mean instilled which has some motion, and is shortened to stilled to accommodate the rhythm. Or it could mean stilled, as in held in suspension.The second stanza, mythical Naiads, a type of nymph who presided over fountains, wells, springs, streams, and brooks, are evoked by musics sounds. B ut they are Rapt in strange dreams. Burns each enchanted face. is a suggestive image. A Flushed face looks like it is burning. Women may flush when embarrassed, perhaps, in de la mares time, from the stimulation being in the company of a man she desires. But her echoing, which implies reflection, and could blow up to a reflection of our own feelings, is solemn. Sad, perhaps unrequited, longing and desire burn in her strange dreams and show on her enchanted face.The third stanza literally refers to the author, but also the reader. Music exposes the very center of our-self, all that I was before I came to this body (haunt of brooding dust), I now am, understanding through the reflection of the music our ex-corporeal selves. From Times woods, from eternitys history, including all past and future human emotions, swift-winged hours break into distant song as I hasten along. Music fills the fast passing hours of our lives, and offers a connection to, the void of infinity, history, memo ry.